Basic commands
Shutdown/restart
> reboot
> shutdown
Clear screen
Ctrl + L
To clear the terminal screen, following is the command that you need to run:
clear
CD
$ cd ..
$ cd /
List
Lists directory contents of files and directories
https://www.rapidtables.com/code/linux/ls.html
https://superuser.com/questions/682128/list-files-of-folder-page-by-page-with-ls-command
$ ls | more
$ ls | less
Kết hợp với các phím để cuộn lên xuống: shift + page up/down
Get command helps
$ df --help
Get size of directories - du
disk usage
//display amount space used của thư mục hiện tại
$ du -sh
//xem size của các thư mục, files trong thư mục hiện tại
$ du -sh *
Check disk space usage - df
disk filesystem
https://linuxhint.com/check_disk_space_centos/
$ df -h
Computer memory and swap - free
free command is used to get the detail used and unused information of the computer memory and swap. You can also apply –help, -h and -m option with free command like previous commands.
free -h
Monitoring disks
fdisk
https://linuxhint.com/check_disk_space_centos/
$ fdisk --help
Compress
Zip/unzip files
https://www.lifewire.com/practical-examples-of-the-zip-command-2201158
zip archivefile1 *
unzip archivefile1.zip
zip -r abc.zip *
--nén tất cả các file, thư mục trong thư mục hiện tại vào file abc.zip
Tar
Rename files
> mv tenfilecu tenfilemoi
Vd: mv register.php register_.php
Remove file
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/rm-command-linux-examples/
https://linuxize.com/post/rm-command-in-linux/
Force rm command on CentOS Linux to explain what is being done with file
Pass the -v option as follows to get verbose output on CentOS Linux box:
rm -v filename
rm -v cake-day.jpg
Centos Linux delete all files in folder or directory + The -f option tells rm never to prompt the user and to ignore nonexistent files and arguments:
rm -rf dir1
rm -rf /path/to/dir/
rm -rf /home/vivek/oldschoolpics/
-r (recursive - remove directories and their contents)
View file content
more <tên file>
hiển thị file theo từng trang.
cat < tên file>: hiển thị tất cả file.
head < tên file>: hiển thị các dòng đầu tiên.
tail < tên file>: hiển thị các dòng cuối cùng (có thể hữu ích trong những trường hợp như khi bạn muốn xem thông tin cuối cùng của một file hệ thống).
vi <tenfile>
Vim (Vi improved) is a popular text editor that is available on many Linux systems. It is an improved version of the older Vi text editor, with additional features and functionality that make it a popular choice for developers, system administrators, and other Linux users.
>> thoát bằng cách nhấn ESC sau đó gõ
> :q (thoát không lưu) hoặc
> :w (lưu lại) hoặc
> :wq (lưu, sau đó thoát)
https://quantrimang.com/tim-hieu-ve-ung-dung-vi-trong-linux-84778
https://vinasupport.com/huong-dan-su-dung-co-ban-lenh-vi-editor-tren-linux/
List running services
using service command on a CentOS/RHEL 6.x or older
The syntax is as follows for CentOS/RHEL 6.x and older (pre systemd systems):
service --status-all
service --status-all | more
service --status-all | grep ntpd
service --status-all | less
Print the status of any service
To print the status of apache (httpd) service:
service httpd status
Mysql port: 3306
mysql -u root -p
Display status of sshd service:
service sshd status
# service httpd restart
> service httpd start
> service dovecot stop
> service postfix stop
service mariadb restart
Install Epel Repo CentOS 7
We can Install Epel Repository with yum command, Open Linux Terminal and type
yum -y install epel-release
Install Filezilla FTP Client
Now Lets Install FileZilla for Centos 7
yum -y install filezilla
systemctl enable vsftpd
systemctl start vsftpd
Network command
IP address
https://linuxize.com/post/linux-ip-command/
https://www.tecmint.com/ip-command-examples/
> ip a
Add ip
> ip address add 192.168.121.45/24 dev eth0
> ip address add 192.168.0.137 dev eth0 --mặc định sẽ là /32
> ip address add 192.168.0.137/24 dev eth0
>ip a del 192.168.0.137 dev eth0
Route
> ip route add 192.168.0.255/24 dev eth0
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